After the deaths of the founders, the Monastery faced a serious problem caused by a very destructive fire which broke out in 1392 in the newly-built wing of the compound. Many of the buildings and archives were totally burned or seriously damaged, resulting in the loss of a great many important documents. This event prompted the monks to act – both within the Agios Oros community and outside it – to protect the buildings of the Monastery. They re-published relevant chrysobulls and sigillia, and worked to rebuild the damaged structures, which they succeeded in doing the following year.
