From the third decade of the 20th century with its catastrophic economic depression, followed by the suffering of the Second World War years, a general crisis situation existed on Mt Athos during the first postwar decades. These conditions created intense phenomena of decline, which ended only in the last decades of the 20th century. With systematic efforts, the fraternity of Karakallou Monastery, under the leadership of the Elder Archimandrite Filotheos, renovated, rebuilt, and reconciled itself with the hesychastic spirit which it had had 700 years earlier.
